As the conversion core between batteries, solar panels and grid, inverters have two matching modes: all-in-one machine and split type. Integrated equipment combines inverter, battery and BMS for easy installation for houses below 15kWh; separate inverters connect multiple batteries for villas with over 20kWh capacity. Residential single-phase inverters work under 48V/51.2V low voltage with 96%–98.5% efficiency, supporting both grid-tied and off-grid modes. Inverters control charging & discharging rhythm to avoid overcharge and overdischarge, determining the efficiency and stability of the whole energy storage system.